Paper Title
What the Need for Closure Scale measures and what it does not: Toward differentiating among related epistemic motives
Keywords
- Need for Closure Scale (NFCS)
- Personal Need for Structure Scale (PNS)
- Personal Fear of Invalidity Scale
- Epistemic Motives
- Nonspecific Closure
- Specific Closure
- Multidimensional Instrument
- Discriminant Validity
- Redundancy
- Decision-Making
- Judgment
- Ambiguity
- Quick Answers
- Simple Structures
- Scale Validity
Article Type
Research Article
Research Impact Tools
Publication Info
Volume: 72 | Issue: 6 | Pages: 1396–1412
Published On
March, 1997
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Abstract
The Need for Closure Scale (NFCS; D. M. Webster & A. W. Kruglanski, 1994) was introduced to assess the extent to which a person, faced with a decision or judgment, desires any answer, as compared with confusion and ambiguity. The NFCS was presented as being unidimensional and as having adequate discriminant validity. Our data contradict these conceptual and psychometric claims. As a unidimensional scale, the NFCS is redundant with the Personal Need for Structure Scale (PNS; M. M. Thompson, M. E. Naccarato, & K. E. Parker, 1989). When the NFCS is used more appropriately as a multidimensional instrument, 3 of its facets are redundant with the PNS Scale, and a 4th is redundant with the Personal Fear of Invalidity Scale (M. M. Thompson et al., 1989). It is suggested that the NFCS masks important distinctions between 2 independent epistemic motives: the preference for quick, decisive answers (nonspecific closure) and the need to create and maintain simple structures (one form of specific closure).
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