Paper Title
Optimisation of Karanja/Jatropha-Methanol emulsification variables and their engine evaluation
Keywords
- Vegetable Oil Emulsions
- Emulsified Fuels
- Diesel Engine Fuels
- Straight Vegetable Oils
- Jatropha Oil
- Karanja Oil
- Methanol Emulsions
- NOx Reduction
- Particulate Matter Reduction
- PM-NOx Trade-Off
- Alternative Fuels
- Fuel Viscosity
- Emulsion Stability
- Surfactant Span 80
- Sorbitan Monooleate
- Mechanical Stirring
- Surfactant Concentration
- Stirring Speed
- Stirring Duration
- Fuel Properties
- Mineral Diesel Comparison
- Diesel Blends
- Engine Performance
- Emission Characteristics
- Methanol Concentration
- Renewable Fuels
- Sustainable Combustion
- Low-Emission Fuels
- Biofuel Optimization
- Green Energy Solutions
- Clean Diesel Technology
- Biodiesel Alternatives
Journal
Research Impact Tools
Publication Info
Volume: 96 | Pages: 433-441
Published On
October, 2016
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Abstract
Vegetable oil based emulsified fuels have emerged as an attractive option for existing diesel engines. The issues such as higher viscosity and exhaust emissions such as oxides of nitrogen (NOX), particulate matter (PM) are associated with straight vegetables oils (SVO), which can be potentially eliminated by making SVO emulsions, without worrying about PM-NOx trade-off. In this study, emulsions were prepared, where methanol was used as a dispersed phase and SVOs (Jatropha and Karanja) were used as continuous phase. A non-ionic commercial surfactant ‘Sorbitan monooleate’ also known as ‘Span®80’ was added and the mixture was stirred by a mechanical stirrer to produce emulsified fuel. Effect of several process variables such as surfactant concentration, stirrer speed and stirring duration on emulsion stability were optimised. The optimum surfactant concentration, stirrer speed, and stirring duration were determined for Methanol-Jatropha/Karanja emulsions. Emulsified fuels had important fuel properties comparable to baseline mineral diesel. These emulsions were blended with diesel in 1:3 proportions and evaluated in a single cylinder diesel engine for their performance and emissions characteristics. Performance and emission characteristics of emulsified blends followed a trend, which was related to methanol concentration in the dispersed phase of the emulsions.
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