Abstract
Biochar, a carbon black substance with immense value, has been utilized since the Pre-Columbian Era to enhance soil fertility and support crop growth. Modern society has embraced this practice and developed nano-sized biochar, known as nano-biochar (nano-BC). The process of synthesizing nano-BC involves the pyrolysis of various feedstock materials, creating bulk-BCs, which are then mechanically changed into the final nanobiochar product with added value using the ball milling method. Nano-biochar exhibits better physicochemical features, including very stable and remarkable nanostructures and intense catalytic activity with a sizable precise surface area compared to bulk biochar. Before practical applications can be explored, an inclusive knowledge of recent nano-biochar is essential, encompassing preparation methods, distinctive features, and specific applications. This review is based on 239 articles. These articles are based on the production of nano-biochar, which involves the preparation of biochar, reduction size, and screening, enabling its use in high-value uses like high-performance adsorbents, carriers for biocatalysts, electrochemical electrodes, and additives with broad applications. Nano-biochar surpasses bulk biochar in typical applications like wastewater treatment and soil amendment for sustainable agriculture. For the current study, relevant literature was retrieved by scrutinizing different worldwide accepted scientific databases like Scopus (http://www.scopus.com), Science Direct (hrztp://www.sciencedirect.com), Springer Link (http://www.springer.co.in), Wiley(http://www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com), PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed), Google Scholar (http://www.scholar.google.co.in), Elsevier (https://www.elsevier.com/en-in), and Web of Science(https://apps.webofknowledge.com) etc. The current review provides information about nano-BC's structural, fundamental, and functional features, including synthesis and application in agriculture production.
View more >>