Isolation and Characterization of Actinomycetes from Different Soil Samples (Ghaziabad) & Screening their Antibacterial Activity

Abstract

The name actinomycetes is derived from the Greek words akitis (lightning) and mykes (mushroom or fungus), and is used to refer to fungi as prokaryotic microorganisms. They are very diverse and can be found in most natural environments. These are prokaryotes with extremely diverse metabolisms. The ability and production of a range of essential health substances, such as antibiotics, enzymes, and immunomodulators; they are common in soil, water, and planting plants. Because a person suffers from a disease caused by infectious microorganisms, he begins to look for a treatment, which leads to the discovery of a large number of antibiotics in the microorganisms. Microbes have made outstanding contributions to the health and well-being of people all over the world. They are the source of many commercial antibiotics. Actinomycetes are an important class of gram-positive filamentous bacteria that can produce antibiotics for agricultural and medical purposes. In this study, soil samples were taken from the Ghaziabad region. A total of 9 strains of actinomycetes were isolated from Ghaziabad. These Actinomycetes were screened with respect to potential against Gram-positive and Gram –negative bacteria. Soil sample was screened for their antibacterial activity. They were examined for their inhibitory activities in 3 test organism. The cultural properties of the isolates were also examined in various culture media. The results indicated that 9 Actinomycetes isolates were highly active against Bacillus, Staphylococcus aureus and E.coli strains. 9 Actinomycetes isolates were highly active with an inhibition zone more than 15 mm in diameter. All the antibiotic producing Actinomycetes were isolated at 28°C from soil. 9 Actinomycetes isolates showed activity against bacteria in which most of them from alkaline soil.