EFFECT OF USING SUBMERGED RECTANGULAR STEPPED BREAKWATER FOR THE DEFENCE OF THE SHORE LINE

Abstract

Rectangular breakwater is a barrier with its crest at, over or below the still water level. For economical solution submerged breakwaters have been effectively used but for more protection a clear rectangular breakwaters prefer to use. So in this paper experiments were done to study these cases in the wave flume in the laboratory of Hydraulics, Department of Civil Engineering, Shorouk Academy, Higher Institute of Engineering. A rectangular breakwater with constant width (W) = 50 cm as the total width of the experimental flume and different heights (Y) worked one by one or acting as a group (stepped)with different water levels (dw), different height of water above crest level (ds) and different wave heights (Hi), Compared the efficiency and percentage of energy reduction calculated between these types of breakwaters, also measuring incident, reflection and transmission wave heights for three kinds working as single or as a group as shown in figure (1).