Atrial Fibrillation in Congestive Heart Failure

Abstract

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and congestive heart failure (CHF) are among the most common medical conditions and are associated with significant morbidity. These two conditions share similar risk factors, frequently coexist, and have additive adverse effects when occurring in conjunction. Much evidence has amassed regarding the nature of the relations between AF and CHF. This review discusses AF in the context of CHF, with a particular emphasis on the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms and genetic basis of AF. It also addresses the proper management, based on recent clinical trials and practice guidelines, of AF when it occurs in conjunction with CHF.