ADVANCEMENTS IN NOSQL DATABASES AND THEIR IMPACT ON SCALABILITY AND DATA CONSISTENCY IN LARGE SYSTEMS

Abstract

The rise of Big Data and real-time applications has exposed the limitations of traditional relational database systems, prompting the emergence and rapid adoption of NoSQL databases. These systems were developed to address the need for scalability, flexibility, and high availability. However, with their relaxed consistency guarantees, NoSQL systems often face criticism regarding data integrity. This paper evaluates advancements in NoSQL technologies, their implications for system scalability, and the trade-offs made in consistency models. It reviews the performance of various NoSQL types—document stores, column-oriented stores, key-value pairs, and graph databases—highlighting their strengths and weaknesses in handling large distributed systems