Anuradha Gupta

The undergraduate education of Veterinary and animal husbandry is under increasing pressure for quality development from policy-makers, nationally and internationally as animal husbandry makes a significant contribution to economic development and GDP globally. In this project we have expound the pressing need for the changes required in the present veterinary undergraduate curriculum using multi method based questionnaires in a survey that has covered whole of North India including states of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. About 700 people across the academic departments in six Veterinary Universities of North India and Veterinary practitioner's headquarters were surveyed through the use of open-ended suggestions with critical case sampled semi-structured questions and a fixed-response survey and analyzed by (SWOT) analysis and statistical software. We have specifically covered the target groups of 50 respondents from Veterinary faculty, Veterinary undergraduate students and Veterinary practitioners from each state.

Immunolocalization of Vimentin and PCNA in the uterine tube of Buffalo during summer and winter ABSTRACT: The present study was conducted to find variation in expression pattern of vimentin and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in uterine tube of buffalo (n=12) during summer and winter season. Tissue samples were collected from the slaughterhouse and Post-mortem Hall, GADVASU, Ludhiana during summer (mid-April to mid-July) and winter (mid-November to mid-February) season. Three of six samples were in the follicular and luteal phases, respectively. The immunohistochemical technique determined the localization and distribution of vimentin and PCNA in different uterine tube segments using a one-step polymer HRPO staining system. Vimentin was localized in the lamina propria, propria submucosa, tunica muscularis, and tunica serosa in all the parts of the uterine tube during both phases, in both seasons. The higher vimentin expression during winter may reflect increased tissue remodeling and structural reorganization, essential for reproductive function. Localization of PCNA was observed in nuclei of epithelial cells, infiltrating cells of lamina propria, muscle cells of tunica muscularis, and in a few connective tissue cells of tunica serosa in all the compartments of the uterine tube in both the phases during both summer and winter. No significant difference was seen in the number of PCNA-positive cells during the estrogenic stage in both seasons. In contrast, a highly significant difference (p≤0.001) was seen in the number of PCNA-positive cells during the luteal phase of summer and winter seasons. The PCNA-positive cells were significantly higher during the luteal phase of winter as compared to the luteal phase of summer in the uterine tube. Reduced PCNA activity during summer implies a lower cellular turnover or proliferation rate, which could cause a decline in reproductive activity during summer. The present study on the immunolocalization of these receptors in different parts of the uterine tube during summer and winter will help improve buffalo's reproductive efficiency.