AI Anthropomorphism: Effects on AI-Human and Human-Human Interactions

Abstract

Objective: Anthropomorphism is the act of assigning distinctive human-like traits, feelings, and behavioral characteristics to non-human entities. The phenomenon known as artificial intelligence (AI) anthropomorphism involves imputing human-like behavioral characteristics onto generative artificial intelligence systems. This phenomenon holds significant implications for the future of human-human social interactions in society. This review paper examines the concept of AI anthropomorphism and its influence on human behavior, with a particular emphasis on how interaction between AI and humans can affect societal dynamics and social relationships among humans. Methodology: This paper examines the comprehensive understanding of AI anthropomorphism and the impact of AI-human interactions on human-human social interactions through the examination of several theoretical frameworks and empirical studies. The paper synthesizes information from the research literature on AI anthropomorphism. The paper incorporates insights from theoretical frameworks such as social presence theory, media equation theory, attachment theory, and uncanny valley theory. The paper entails an in-depth study of scholarly publications, case studies, and observational studies that highlights the implications for human relationships with anthropomorphized AI. Findings: The findings indicate that attributing human-like characteristics to AI can greatly increase user engagement, inclusivity, and understanding of AI, potentially enhancing human-human relationships by facilitating similar positive social behaviors. Excessive dependence on AI for social interaction can potentially diminish the quality of human communications and cause the erosion of social skills, thereby emphasising the importance of incorporating AI in a balanced manner. In conclusion, AI has the potential to enhance empathy, compassion, and teamwork in human communication. It is essential to strike a balance to avoid becoming overly reliant on generative AI and sacrificing authentic human connections. Subsequent investigations should prioritize the refinement of AI design and social chatbots to bolster and amplify human-human connections, rather than supplanting them.