Established in 1926, Plant Physiology® is a premier international journal devoted to all aspects of the plant biology, from the structural and molecular to systems and ecophysiology. Plant Physiology® is one of the oldest and most well-respected journals in the field and is the most highly cited journal in the plant sciences. Plant Physiology® is a publication of the American Society of Plant Biologists. Journal Impact Factor: 8.7 (5-yr); 7.4 (2-yr) Plant Physiology is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes 12 issues per year. Some papers in Plant Physiology may have associated charges. Please refer to the Publishing Charges and Open Access section in our author guidelines. Plant Physiology will publish the pre-proofed, pre-copyedited accepted manuscript online in advance of final publication. This will be replaced by a corrected proof in advance of final publication in an issue. Please read these instructions carefully and follow them closely. The Editors may return manuscripts that do not follow these instructions.