INNOVATIVE STRATEGIES FOR REDUCING MULTI-STAGE FLASH ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN WATER DESALINATION: ADVANCEMENTS IN SEAWATER TREATMENT, FRESHWATER PRODUCTION, AND PUBLIC HEALTH PROTECTION AGAINST WATER CONTAMINATION AND DISEASES

Abstract

The Multi-Stage Flash (MSF) desalination technique continues to be a prevalent freshwater production method especially in desert areas. Its energy demands create major economic and environmental obstacles. The investigation examines cutting-edge methods to boost MSF energy performance through the integration of advanced heat recovery systems alongside hybrid renewable energy sources and optimized thermodynamic cycles. The proposed approaches utilize advanced materials and automated systems to reduce thermal losses while enhancing operational performance. The research underscores how seawater pre-treatment techniques help mitigate fouling and scaling to enhance plant performance over extended periods. These findings highlight how sustainable desalination plays a critical role in securing freshwater resources while reducing environmental damage. The study explores advanced desalination techniques to assess their impact on public health by focusing on the decrease of waterborne contaminants and disease threats. The integration of these MSF desalination advancements helps achieve global water security while supporting sustainable development objectives for clean water access and environmental preservation.