Abstract
Single amino acid substitutions in A2 beta-casein chain are the most common forms of genetic variations that produce A1 Beta casein Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) which are the most abundant form of DNA polymorphism. These polymorphisms can be used for population studies, and for germplasm fingerprinting. Great increase in the available DNA sequences in the databases has made it possible to identify SNPs by " database mining " , and the single most important factor preventing their widespread use appears to be the genotyping cost. A method involving a single PCR is reported here for A1, A2 beta-casein SNP genotyping. Even though many SNP result from single amino acid changes producing similar structural abnormalities, there are functional differences in the generated variants. Using in silico methods, we examined the genetic variations of the A1