Histomorphometric and Immunohistochemical Comparison of Placental Tissue of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Normal Pregnancy

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate and compare placental histo morphometric and immunohistochemical parameters in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) versus normal pregnancies, focusing on villous diameter, collagen deposition, CD117+ telocyte characteristics, and CD68+ Hofbauer cell profiles. Material and methods: Placental samples were col lected from 100 GDM and 100 normal pregnancies. Sections were stained with Van Gieson to assess collagen deposition and with immunohistochemical markers CD117 and CD68 to identify telocytes and Hofbauer cells, respectively. Ocular micrometry at 400× magnification measured villous diameter, collagen thickness, telocyte length, immunostaining intensity, and cell counts.