EXTRACTION OF THE ANTIMICROBIAL OF 2,4-DECADIENAL FROM CITRULLUS COLOCYNTHIS PLANT

Abstract

The medicinal properties of Citrullus Colocynthis plant seeds were used, and the compound M-2,4-decenal was extracted and tested in the laboratory against two strains of standard and newly isolated bacteria that are known to cause gastrointestinal and respiratory infections in humans. This investigation included the qualitative detection of the active components in the colocynth fruits, as well as the efficiency of its aqueous and alcoholic extracts in suppressing the bacteria isolated from the gastrointestinal tract. The quantitative detection revealed that, in addition to the compound M-2,4-decenal, which accounts for approximately 10% of the seed weight and is thought to be the most abundant component of colocynth seeds, the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the colocynth plant's seeds contain phenols, salts, galactose, resins, and terpenes. GC-MS and RP-HPLC were used. The concentrations were 780 mg/kg in water and 950 mg/kg in methyl alcohol. Three species of pathogenic Gram-negative bacterium, and Staphylococcus aureus, a Gram-positive bacterium were picked from the Food Processing Department's laboratories at the Second Technical College in Qassim, while all normal laboratory preventive and safety procedures were followed. The efficiency of bitter melon against the chosen microorganisms was demonstrated by comparing it to antibiotics such as chloramphenicol, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin. The findings indicated that Proteus mirabilis, a Gram-negative bacterium, and Staphylococcus aureus, a Gram-positive bacterium were the most susceptible to the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Citrullus Colocynthis plant which were comparable to the effects of the chosen medications. The plant extracts of Citrullus Colocynthis plant were also found to be highly competitive with antibiotics. The findings demonstrated that the alcoholic and aqueous extracts had the greatest effect on Proteus mirabilis, Gram-negative bacterium, and Staphylococcus aureus, a Gram-positive bacterium with inhibition values of 6.58 and 7.21 mm. Because the inhibition values for the alcoholic and aqueous extracts were 8.01mm and 6.27 mm, respectively, Staphylococcus aureus, bacterium demonstrated the greatest resistance. Noting that Gram-negative bacterium, and Staphylococcus aureus, a Gram-positive bacterium bacteria were more impacted at 5.88 and 7.15 mm and 8.0 and 7.68 against the two types of antibiotics, the antibiotics chloramphenicol and tetracycline showed efficacy in killing the tested bacteria. The study demonstrated that alcoholic extracts are more effective than aqueous extracts and closely resemble the bacterial inhibition rate of the medicines tetracycline and chloramphenicol against Proteus mirabilis, a Gram-negative bacterium, and Staphylococcus aureus, a Gram-positive bacterium. This study demonstrated that trans-2,4-decadienal, an antibiotic, can be easily extracted from colocynth seeds and used safely to eradicate the bacteria under study. This suggests that the colocynth plant is an efficient disease-curing agent.