Comprehensive Evaluation of Sphaeranthus Indicus Flowers: Unveiling Pharmacognostical, Physicochemical, Phytochemical Profiling and In-Vitro Analysis for Potential Anti-Hypertensive Activity

Abstract

Sphaeranthus indicus, recurrently known as East Indian globe thistle, has been utilized in indigenous medicine for its purported ameliorative properties, including its potential in managing hypertension. However, comprehensive pharmacognostic and phytochemical investigations of its flowers, alongside in-vitro antihypertensive assessments, are lacking.Objective: This study focused on conducting phytochemical and pharmacognosticalevaluation of Sphaeranthus indicus flowers and evaluate their potential antihypertensive activity through in-vitro studies.Materials and Methods: Flowers of Sphaeranthus indicus were subjected to macroscopic and microscopic evaluations, as well as phytochemical screening to identify various secondary metabolites. The in-vitro antihypertensive activity was assessed using Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibition Assay. Results: Pharmacognostic analysis revealed the distinctive anatomical features of Sphaeranthus indicus flowers, while phytochemical screening detected the existence of bioactive compounds such as glycosides, flavonoids, phenols and alkaloids. In-vitro studies demonstrated significant anti- hypertensive activity, suggesting the potential therapeutic utility of Sphaeranthus indicus flowers in managing hypertension.Conclusion: The pharmacognostic and phytochemical analysis confirmed the identity and bioactive constituents of Sphaeranthus indicus flowers. Moreover, the observed in-vitro antihypertensive activity indicates their promise as a natural remedy for hypertension. Further research, including clinical trials, is justified to vindicate these findings and explore the full therapeutic potential of Sphaeranthus indicus flowers in the management of hypertension. Keywords: hypertension, in-vitro studies, pharmacognostic, phytochemical, Sphaeranthus indicus.