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Abstract
This article provides a comprehensive overview of two critical areas in blockchain technology: smart contract security and decentralized identity. It explores the current state, challenges, and future directions of these fields, which are crucial for the widespread adoption and security of blockchain systems. The article examines common vulnerabilities in smart contracts, current research directions in formal verification and automated vulnerability detection, and secure design patterns. It also delves into the concept of decentralized identity, discussing key components such as Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs) and Verifiable Credentials, along with their benefits and challenges. The research directions in zero-knowledge proofs, interoperability protocols, and quantum-resistant cryptography for decentralized identity are also explored. By addressing these areas, the paper aims to contribute to the ongoing efforts to enhance the security, privacy, and user control in blockchain-based systems.
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