Dr.(Prof.) Purya Baghaei

Background: Attention is a basic neurocognitive function which is a prerequisite for performance on more complex cognitive tasks. The Ruff 2 & 7 test is a well-known measure of attention wi...

The d2 test is a cancellation test to measure attention, visual scanning, and processing speed. It is the most frequently used test of attention in Europe. Although it has been validated usi...

Baddeley’s grammatical reasoning test is a quick and efficient measure of fluid reasoning which is commonly used in research on cognitive abilities and the impact of stresses and environme...

The linear logistic test model (LLTM) is a well-recognized psychometric model for examining the components of difficulty in cognitive tests and validating construct theories. The plausibilit...

In large scale multiple-choice (MC) tests alternate forms of a test may be developed to prevent cheating by changing the order of items or by changing the position of the response options. T...

This article attempts to present emotioncy as a potential source of test bias to inform the analysis of test item performance. Emotioncy is defined as a hierarchy, ranging from exvolvement (...

This study aims to examine the relationship between reading comprehension and lexical and grammatical knowledge among English as a foreign language students by using an Artificial Neural Net...

Reading comprehension in a foreign language (FL) is a complex process with many underlying cognitive components. Many second language researchers have tried to explain reading comprehension ...

Crystallized intelligence is a pivotal broad ability factor in the major theories of intelligence including the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) model, the three-stratum model, and the extended Gf...

C-tests are gap-filling tests widely used to assess general language proficiency for purposes of place-ment, screening, or provision of feedback to language learners. C -tests consist of s...